
Vanuatu will mark its 47th Constitution Day on Monday, October 5, with the Office of the President calling on citizens across the country to reflect on the Constitution as the foundation of the Republic’s system of governance.
The official Constitution Day programme in Port Vila will be held at Marae Kanakea – Independence Grandstand at Independence Park, beginning at 7am.
The Office of the President is encouraging people throughout Vanuatu to observe the day through programmes that provide an opportunity to reflect on the Constitution, commonly referred to as the country’s “Mama Loa.”
National leaders currently in the capital are also being encouraged to join President Nikenike Vurobaravu, other state leaders and senior public servants at the official programme.
The Constitution remains the supreme law of the Republic of Vanuatu. Article 2 establishes that the Constitution is the supreme law, meaning other laws must be consistent with it.
Constitution Day is linked to an important period in Vanuatu’s history as the country prepared for independence from the joint British and French colonial administration of the former New Hebrides.
Discussions on the country’s political future led to the development of a Constitution for an independent Vanuatu. The Constitution was signed on October 5, 1979, ahead of independence. It subsequently came into force on July 30, 1980, when Vanuatu became an independent nation.
The Constitution therefore played a central role in establishing the legal and political framework for the newly independent Republic of Vanuatu.
The preamble reflects the country’s history and aspirations, declaring that the people of Vanuatu are proud of their struggle for freedom, determined to safeguard the achievements of that struggle and committed to cherishing the country’s ethnic, linguistic and cultural diversity.
The Constitution establishes Vanuatu as a democratic republic and provides for its key institutions of government, including Parliament, the Executive and the Judiciary. It also provides for the office of the President and the Council of Chiefs, or Malvatumauri, which has an important role in advising on matters concerning custom and tradition.
It sets out fundamental rights and freedoms, including freedom of expression, assembly and association, freedom of conscience and worship, freedom of movement and protection under the law.
The Constitution further establishes the principles of national sovereignty and democratic participation. Under the Constitution, national sovereignty belongs to the people of Vanuatu, exercised through their elected representatives.
Citizens aged 18 and above are entitled to vote, subject to conditions or restrictions established by Parliament, while political parties may be formed freely and contest elections in accordance with the Constitution and democratic principles.
It also recognises Vanuatu’s linguistic and cultural diversity.
Bislama is the national language, while Bislama, English and French are the official languages, with the Constitution also recognising the importance of protecting the country’s indigenous languages as part of its national heritage.
The Office of the President says Constitution Day provides an opportunity for citizens to look again at the document that forms the foundation of the country’s governance system.
For Vanuatu, the observance is also a reminder of the principles and aspirations that accompanied the country’s journey to independence, including democracy, national sovereignty, fundamental rights and freedoms, and respect for its cultural and linguistic diversity.
The 2026 observance will bring state leaders, public servants and citizens together to recognise the importance of the Constitution and its continuing role in guiding the Republic of Vanuatu.
As Vanuatu marks 47 years since the Constitution was signed, the Office of the President is encouraging citizens to use the occasion to better understand and respect the Mama Loa and the role it plays in the governance of the nation.
SOURCE: VANUATU DAILY POST
